To live and die for gold: Metals mining returns to El Salvador

A new law ushers in the return of an industry that’s been prohibited since 2017, threatens to send workers back to the absolute control of foreign companies — and, environmentalists warn, comes at a high ecological cost

Feb 16, 2025 - 05:00
To live and die for gold: Metals mining returns to El Salvador
Marvin Chávez shot in the interior of El Salvador’s Santa Elena mine, where six people are employed in the search for gold.

Standing atop a hill, two men look closely at the white stones resting in their hands. They tilt them slightly, allowing the sunlight to glint off of the small golden sparkles that flicker on their surface. “No,” says Melvin, the youngest of the pair, regarding the rocks with disdain. “This isn’t real gold, it’s fool’s gold.” “Yes,” confirms Antonio, with the certainty of one who has spent a lifetime in the mountains. “It’s margaja. But that means there’s gold nearby.”Óscar Berríos, an independent miner in San Sebastián, El Salvador, displays five grams of pure, 24-karat gold, with some mercury particles.

Seguir leyendoThe San Sebastián River snakes through the town, its waters polluted by the mining industry’s runoff.Polluted water of the San Sebastián River.Mining material being heated on clay comals.Workers at the Santa Elena mine grind the rock to obtain a sense of its makeup of metals.
Mercury particles used to separate out gold in the independent mining production process.
Vidalina Morales cleans the tomb of Marcela Rivera, who was assassinated in 2009 after protesting mining corporations.Businesses that buy and sell gold in the downtown of the Santa Rosa de Lima municipality.